What is a colposcopy?
A colposcopy is a procedure to closely examine the cervix, vagina, and vulva for signs of desease.
A colposcope instrument is used which is a system of magnifying lenses.It allows a detailed examination of the morphology of the lesions, as well as a biopsy. This examination is performed in the doctor’s office without anesthesia. The purpose of the test is to identify any precancerous lesions for early treatment to prevent cancer.
Reasons for examination:
- Pathological findings in the Pap-test (Pap smear)
- Monitoring known HPV infection (wart virus)
- Presence of suspicious findings in the cervix
There are more than 150 types of HPV and they are divided into high, intermediate, and low risk. HPV is sexually transmitted.
High-risk types of HPV are responsible for cervical lesions, which if left untreated, can progress. Infection of the vulva causes warts.
The HPV vaccine protects against types 16 and 18, two of the most dangerous variants which account for 71% of cervical cancers. The nine-potency vaccine offers protection against these two types of HPVand also the other 5 high-risk types, as well as for types 6 and 11, which are responsible for external warts.
What is an HPV test?
- A special test that detects the DNA of the virus
- It is similar to a Pap smear
- The American College of Obstetrics and Gynecologists recommends both tests for women older than 30 years of age
What does the screening entail?
Screening is a precautionary control performed with Pap-Test and HPV-test on a regular basis, during the gynecological examination.
A combination of vaccination and regular screening can reduce the incidence of cervical cancer by 94%.
A gynecological examination in addition to Pap-test and HPV-test includes a genital ultrasound, gynecological examination, and breast examination which are all forms of comprehensive preventive care for women of all ages.
